Indonesian Government System

Indonesian Government System

Each state has a system to run reign life. The system is a system of government. There is some kind of system of government in the world such as the presidential and parliamentary.

Both the existing government system and developed at this time could not be separated from the advantages and shortcomings. Each country must understand the characteristics of the country before applying the system of government in order in governance did not encounter major obstacles.

Excess Parliamentary System of Government

Influence people towards politics run so great that the people's voice be heard by parliament very

With the parliament as the people's representative government control to run well

Policymakers can be handled quickly because xylophone an adjustment of opinion between the executive and the legislature. This is due to the executive and legislative powers are at a party or coalition.

Accountability systems in manufacturing and also the implementation of public policy is very clear.

Weakness Parliamentary System of Government

Cabinet often dismissed as gain confidence vote Parliament

The success is very difficult to achieve if the party in that country very much (many voices).

Parliament became a place of regeneration for executive positions. Their experience became a member of parliament and became an important provision used to be a minister or other executive positions

Excess Presidential System of Government

Minister of Parliament can not drop because it is responsible to the president.

The government can freely time because there is no shadow cabinet crisis

The executive body is more stable because it does not depend on the position of parliament

Tenure of the executive body more certainly to a specific period. For example, the term of office President of the United States for four years, while the President of Indonesia five years.

Compiler work programs more easily tailored cabinet with a period of his tenure.

Legislative regeneration is not the place for executive positions because they can be filled by outsiders as well as MPs themselves.

Presidential system of government weakness

Oversight weak people

The influence of the people in the country's political kebikajan received less attention

Executive power beyond the direct control of the legislature so as to give rise to absolute power

Less clear accountability system

Decision making / public policy generally results bargaining between the executive and legislative decisions that may occur is not firm and take a long time.

Since 1945, Indonesia has changed the system of government. Indonesia has implemented both governmental system. In addition there are also changes to the points system since the government made amendments to the 1945 Constitution governance system

Under the Act of 1945 Indonesia is a country that is implementing presidential system of government. But in perjalannannya, Indonesia had implemented a system of parliamentary government because of the conditions and reasons that existed at that time. Here is the system of government of Indonesia from 1945-present.

Indonesian Government System

1. Years 1945-1949

Government System: Presidential

Originally used system of government is presidential, but since the arrival of allies (military aggression) and by the Edict of the President No. X dated 16 November 1945 the case for power-sharing which the executive power is held by the Prime Minister, the Indonesian government system into a parliamentary system of government.

2. Year 1949-1950

Government System: Parliamentary Quasy

Indonesia's current form of government that is union with RIS constitution so that the system used is parliamentary government. However, because it is not entirely implemented, at that time called the System of Government Parliamentary Quasy

3. Year 1950-1959

Government System: Parliamentary

4. Year 1959-1966

Government System: Presidential

President issued Presidential Decree 1959 contents

1. Not the enactment of Provisional Constitution of 1950 and the re-enactment of the 1945 Constitution.

2. Dissolution Constitutional Agency

3. Establish a provisional parliament and interim DPA

5. Year 1966-1998

Government System: Presidential

POINTS SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT

(Before and After the amendment of the 1945 Constitution)

Principles of Indonesian government system under the 1945 Constitution before the amendment contained in the 1945 Explanation of seven key staple of the state governance system as follows.

Indonesia is a state based on law (rechtsstaat).

Constitutional system.

Supreme state power in the hands of the Assembly.

The President is the highest organizers state government under the People's Consultative Assembly.

President is not accountable to the House of Representatives.

Minister of state is a presidential aide, ministers of state are not accountable to the House of Representatives.

Heads of state power is not unlimited

New Order government with seven key staple above running very stable and robust. The Government has immense power. System of Government Presidential run in this era has a weakness weak oversight of the House but also has the advantages of a more stable government conditions.

At the end of the New Order era emerging movement to reform the existing system toward a more democratic government. To realize it takes a constitutional government (by the constitution). Constitutional government in which there is a restriction for power and guarantee human rights. Then perform the amendment of the Act of 1945 as many as four times, years: 1999,2000,2001,2002. Based on the amended constitution is expected a more democratic system of government will be realized.

Principles of Governance System After Amendment

A unitary state with broad principles of local autonomy. The territory is divided into several provinces.

The form of government is a constitutional republic, while the presidential system of government.

President is head of state and head of government at the same time. President and vice president elected directly by the people in one package.

Cabinet or a minister appointed by the president and is responsible to the president.

Parliament consists of two parts (bicameral), House of Representatives (DPR) and the Regional Representatives Council (DPD). The board members are members of the Assembly. Parliament has legislative powers and authority oversees governance.

Judicial power is executed by the Supreme Court and judicial bodies underneath.

The government system also take elements of the system of parliamentary government and reform to eliminate the weaknesses that exist in a presidential system. Several variations of the presidential system of government in Indonesia is as follows;

President may at any time be dismissed by the Assembly upon the recommendation of the House of Representatives. Thus, Parliament retains the authority supervising the president though indirectly.

The acting president of the country should lift the consideration or approval of the Parliament.

President in issuing certain policies need to be consideration or approval of the Parliament.

Parliament is given greater powers in terms of shaping legislation and the right budget (budget)

Thus, there are new changes in the government system of Indonesia. It is intended to improve the old presidential system. The new changes, among others, the direct election, the bicameral system, cheks and balance mechanism, and giving greater powers to the parliament to perform oversight and budgetary functions.